topography

noun

to·​pog·​ra·​phy tə-ˈpä-grə-fē How to pronounce topography (audio)
1
a
: the art or practice of graphic delineation in detail usually on maps or charts of natural and man-made features of a place or region especially in a way to show their relative positions and elevations
b
: topographical surveying
2
a
: the configuration of a surface including its relief and the position of its natural and man-made features
b
: the physical or natural features of an object or entity and their structural relationships
the topography of human chromosomes
the political topography of our time

Did you know?

Topography combines top- with graph-, a root meaning "write" or "describe". The topography of the Sahara Desert features shifting sand dunes and dry, rocky mountains. A topographic (or topo) map not only shows the surface features of a region but also indicates the contours and approximate altitude of every location, by means of numerous curving lines, each indicating a single elevation. In other words, it shows a "three-dimensional" picture on a two-dimensional surface. Topo maps are commonly used by hikers, surveyors, government workers, and engineers, among other people.

Examples of topography in a Sentence

a map of the topography of the coastline shows a significant loss of wetlands
Recent Examples on the Web When multiple observations of the same target are combined, a technique called multi-temporal interferometric synthetic aperture radar (MT-InSAR) allows researchers to measure millimeter-scale changes in topography and buildings. IEEE Spectrum, 3 Apr. 2024 The land’s history, access to water, soil types, vegetation and topography all play a role. Matthew Sturchio, The Conversation, 12 Mar. 2024 Atmospheric rivers deliver heavy rains Still, what's happened in California is more than just topography. Caralin Nunes, The Arizona Republic, 6 Feb. 2024 Cars, trains, and buses make the topography change at a speed the mind comprehends. Emma Copley Eisenberg, The Atlantic, 23 Jan. 2024 Some 46% of California’s topography is considered a suitable habitat for mountain lions, according to the Mountain Lion Foundation. Jacqueline Pinedo, Sacramento Bee, 25 Mar. 2024 Now, some 57 miles above the surface, the spacecraft was close enough to send back photos of the surface below, gray and desolate, with craters and hills casting long shadows and revealing a treacherous lunar topography for what would become a historic landing Thursday evening. Christian Davenport, Washington Post, 23 Feb. 2024 Much of the problem is caused by the Mile High City’s topography and landscape, experts say, with occasional hills and even trees affecting the reliability of users’ everyday cellular devices. Megan Ulu-Lani Boyanton, The Denver Post, 31 Jan. 2024 The study finds that subsidence is highly variable along the Atlantic Coast, both regionally and locally, as different stretches have different geology and topography, and different rates of groundwater extraction. Matt Simon, WIRED, 5 Jan. 2024

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'topography.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

Middle English topographie, from Late Latin topographia, from Greek, from topographein to describe a place, from topos place + graphein to write — more at carve

First Known Use

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Time Traveler
The first known use of topography was in the 15th century

Dictionary Entries Near topography

Cite this Entry

“Topography.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/topography. Accessed 19 Apr. 2024.

Kids Definition

topography

noun
to·​pog·​ra·​phy tə-ˈpäg-rə-fē How to pronounce topography (audio)
1
: the art or practice of showing on maps or charts the heights and depths of the features of a place
2
: the shape and height and depth of the features of a place

Medical Definition

topography

noun
to·​pog·​ra·​phy tə-ˈpäg-rə-fē How to pronounce topography (audio)
plural topographies
1
: the physical or natural features of an object or entity and their structural relationships
the topography of the abdomen
the topography (size and fluorescent staining intensity) of human chromosomesScience News
2

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